The Vitruvian Man's
proportions
The Vitruvian Man is a world-renowned drawing
created by Leonardo da Vinci around the year 1487. It is accompanied by notes
based on the work of the famed architect, Vitruvius Pollio. The drawing, which
is in pen and ink on paper and measures 34.4 cm × 25.5 cm (13.5 in × 10.0 in),
depicts a male figure in two superimposed positions with his arms and legs
apart and simultaneously inscribed in a circle and square. The drawing and text
are sometimes called the Canon of Proportions or, less often, Proportions of
Man. It is stored in the Gallerie dell'Accademia in Venice, Italy, and, like
most works on paper, is displayed only occasionally.
The drawing is based on the
correlations of ideal human proportions with geometry described by the ancient
Roman architect Vitruvius in Book III of his treatise "De
Architectura". Vitruvius described the human figure as being the principal
source of proportion among the Classical orders of architecture. Other artists
had attempted to depict this concept, with less success. Leonardo's drawing is traditionally named in honor
of the architect.
In "De
Architectura" at 3.1.2-3 Vitruvius Pollio writes:
For the human body is so designed by nature that the face, from the chin to the top of the forehead and the lowest roots of the hair, is a tenth part of the whole height; the open hand from the wrist to the tip of the middle finger is just the same; the head from the chin to the crown is an eighth, and with the neck and shoulder from the top of the breast to the lowest roots of the hair is a sixth; from the middle of the breast to the summit of the crown is a fourth. If we take the height of the face itself, the distance from the bottom of the chin to the underside of the nostrils is one third of it; the nose from the underside of the nostrils to a line between the eyebrows is the same; from there to the lowest roots of the hair is also a third, comprising the forehead. The length of the foot is one sixth of the height of the body; of the forearm, one fourth; and the breadth of the breast is also one fourth.
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Friday 12 July 2013
LITERATURE REVIEW
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